f. Abdominal distension (Abdominal Pain)

1) Attempt to determine the reason for the distension. (See Safety-Promoting Activities, # 13)

2) If there are no signs or symptoms of emergency, look for other possible reasons.

(a) The infant may be experiencing gas pains. Try burping by holding the baby in effective positions for burping. Pat or stroke the infant's back while keeping his or her stomach close to part of your body.   • Try the upright hold described above.   • A sitting position may be helpful. Place the baby on your lap facing sideways, allowing one hand to soothe and support the baby's abdomen. Use the thumb and index area of the same hand to support the baby's head under the chin. Gently, but firmly pat or rub baby's back with the other hand.

• Another effective position is over the knees. Place the baby over the knees, keeping the head up on the knees. Gently, but firmly pat or stroke the baby's back. Hold the baby's body firmly with the other hand.   (b) Attempt to soothe the baby by walking, rocking, holding securely, and/or stroking the skin.   (c) The infant may just want to be held and cuddled. This is a very important need that all infants have. Gently hold and cuddle the infant.